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You can search the glossary by push CTRL+F and then entering a keyword that you are looking for.
access control list (ACL)
A part of Microsoft Windows security that Windows Media Services uses to verify that a client has permission to access a particular file or directory. Using ACL checking, a system administrator can set permission restrictions on an .asf file and on directories.
ActiveX
A Microsoft technology that enables different programs to share information. ActiveX extends Microsoft Windows-based architecture to include Internet and corporate intranet features and capabilities. Developers use it to build user interactivity into programs and World Wide Web pages.
adapter card
Circuit board or other hardware that provides the physical interface to a communications network; an electronics board installed in a computer that provides network communication capabilities to and from that computer; a card that connects the DTE to the network. Also called a "network interface card" (NIC). See also data terminal equipment and network interface card.
ADSL
Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line. A term for one-way T1 transmission of signals to the home over the plain old, single twisted-pair wiring already going to homes. ADSL modems attach to twisted pair copper wiring. ADSL is often provisioned with greater downstream than upstream rates (hence "asymmetric"). These rates are dependent on the distance a user is from the central office and may vary from as high as 9 Mbps to as low as 384 Kbps.
Advanced Streaming Format (ASF)
A data format for streaming audio and video content, images, and script commands in packets over a network. ASF content can be an .asf file or a live stream generated by Windows Media Encoder. ASF content that is in the process of being delivered over a network is called an ASF stream.
Applet
A small Java program that can be embedded in an HTML page. Applets differ from full-fledged Java applications in that they are not allowed to access certain resources on the local computer, such as files and serial devices (modems, printers, etc.), and are prohibited from communicating with most other computers across a network. The common rule is that an applet can only make an Internet connection to the computer from which the applet was sent.
Application Server
Server software that manages one or more other pieces of software in a way that makes the managed software available over a network, usually to a Web server. By having a piece of software manage other software packages it is possible to use resources like memory and database access more efficiently than if each of the managed packages responded directly to requests.
ASCII
(American Standard Code for Information Interchange) This is the defacto world-wide standard for the code numbers used by computers to represent all the upper and lower-case Latin letters, numbers, punctuation, etc. There are 128 standard ASCII codes each of which can be represented by a 7 digit binary number: 0000000 through 1111111.
ASF Stream Redirector (.asx) file
An ASX metafile that provides information that Microsoft Windows Media Player uses to receive unicast streams, multicast streams, and other supported media from an intranet or the Internet. These files are loaded quickly by Windows Media Player and contain information for the following purposes:
authentication
The process of verifying logon information for a client. A Windows Media server can be set to authenticate clients before they are given access to ASF content or streams.
authorization
The process of granting or denying access permissions to clients. A Windows Media server can be set to authorize client requests for ASF content.
avi
Audio Video InterleaveAVI) An audio-video standard designed by
Microsoft. Apparently proprietary and Microsoft
Windows-specific.
Backbone
A high-speed line or series of connections that forms a major pathway within a network. The term is relative as a backbone in a small network will likely be much smaller than many non-backbone lines in a large network.
Bandwidth
How much stuff you can send through a connection. Usually measured in bits-per-second. A full page of English text is about 16,000 bits. A fast modem can move about 57,000 bits in one second. Full-motion full-screen video would require roughly 10,000,000 bits-per-second, depending on compression.
Bandwidth
Generally how much data can be transferred in a given time period. Bandwidth is most often measured in bits per second.
bandwidth
The amount of data that can be transmitted in a fixed amount of time. On computer networks, higher bandwidth indicates faster data transfer. Network bandwidth is expressed in bits per second (bps).
Binary
Information consisting entirely of ones and zeros. Also, commonly used to refer to files that are not simply text files, e.g. images, video, audio
Bit
Bit (b) is short for binary unit. It has a single binary value, either 1 or 0.
bit rate
The speed at which binary content can be streamed across a network. It usually is measured in kilobits per second (Kbps)—for example, 28.8 Kbps. Windows Media Encoder and Windows Media Administrator have settings for the bit rate of ASF content.
Bits per second
(bps) Some multiple in thousands of bits per second is the usual measure of data transfer speed in streaming.
broadband
A type of transmission that shares the bandwidth of a medium--such as copper or fiber optic cable--to carry more than one signal. Broadband facilities have a bandwidth (capacity) greater than a voice grade line of 3 kHz. Such a broadband facility--typically coaxial cable--may carry numerous voice, video and data channels simultaneously. Each "channel" will take up a different frequency on the cable. "Guardbands" (empty spaces) exist between the channels to make sure that each channel does not interfere with its neighbor. A coaxial CATV cable is the "classic" broadband channel. Simultaneously it carries many TV channels. Broadband cables are used in some office LANs. But more common are the baseband variety, which have the capacity for one channel only. Everything on that cable to be transmitted or received must use that one channel. That one channel is very fast, so each device needs only to use that high speed channel for only a little of the time. (The problem is getting on the channel.) See also baseband.
broadcast
Describes how a client experiences receiving a stream. A broadcast stream can be multicast or unicast. In a broadcast connection, the client is passive and does not control when the stream starts or stops. In contrast, in an on-demand connection, the client is active and controls when the stream is started or stopped.
buffer
An area of memory reserved for use as an intermediate repository in which data is temporarily held while waiting to be transferred between two locations. A buffer ensures that there is an uninterrupted flow of data between computers.
BufferBlaster
BufferBlaster is a component to NetroMedia’s service which can dramatically reduce startup aka “buffering” time. Using advanced networking technologies, NetroMedia can actually speed load your clients that are capable of receiving a higher rate of bandwidth than your stream is actually running at. For example, you may have a 1 minute video encoded at 300k that a user on a corporate network wishes to stream. Instead of sending him 300k during the buffering stage, BufferBlaster will take full advantage of the end users available bandwidth. BufferBlaster will speed load the content at blazing speeds that can actually out run a DVD player.
Buffering
Buffering is the process of a client putting a certain amount of a stream into memory before starting playback out of the buffer. The purpose is to help if the bandwidth between the client and server is not stable.
Byte
Byte (B) Now is commonly 8 bits of data.
Bytes per second
(Bps) This unit of measure is 8 times the same number of bits per second.
Cache
Storage of frequently accessed information either in memory or in file.
Caption
A feature that sends a Synchronized Accessible Media Interchange (SAMI) file (a file in closed-caption format) with an ASF stream. Captioning is an accessibility feature that displays captions along with the video and audio, much like the closed-captioning that accompanies some television programs. It also can be used to display subtitles in a foreign language.
Capture Card
A device that is used to digitize analog audio or video and write to a file or write digital audio or video to a file.
CGI
The common gateway interface (CGI) is a standard way for a Web server to pass a Web user's request to an application program and to receive data back to forward to the user. When the user requests a Web page (for example, by clicking on a highlighted word or entering a Web site address), the server sends back the requested page.
client
Typically, the software that makes requests in client/server communications. Client software requests connections and communicates with servers.
Client Application
A client is a program that is used to request information from a server (i.e., a web browser is a client software to be used to request data from a Web Server or HTTP daemon).
codec
Short for compressor/decompressor. An algorithm or scheme used when recording digital video or audio. A codec is used, for example, when video is transmitted over the Internet; the video is compressed on the sending end and decompressed on the receiving end. Windows Media Tools provides a choice of codecs for ASF content. Users can select a codec based on the audio or image quality, and image size preferred.
co-location
Most often used to refer to having a server that belongs to one person or group physically located on an Internet-connected network that belongs to another person or group. Usually this is done because the server owner wants their machine to be on a high-speed Internet connection and/or they do not want the security risks of having the server on thier own network
Concurrent Connections
The number of active connections to a given mount point or piece of media.
Connection Speed
Usually refers to available bandwidth.
content
Data that servers stream to a client or clients via unicast or multicast. Content can originate from live audio or live video presentation, stored audio or video files, still images, or slide shows. The content needs to be transformed from its original state into ASF in order for a server to stream it. Windows Media servers can stream live ASF streams or stored .asf files as content.
Content Delivery Network
(CDN) A network designed for optimal delivery of content.
Data
In general data is information in an electronic format.
Data Transfer
The amount of data sent by a server to a client computer. Generally data transfer is measured in megabytes (MB) or gigabytes (GB).
dedicated line
A transmission circuit that is reserved by the provider for the full-time use of the subscriber. Also called a "private line."
Demarc
A demarc (an abbreviation for demarcation point) marks the interface between customer-premises equipment and network service provider equipment.
destination address
An IP address and port, from which a listening client can receive a multicast. A client instructs its network card to listen for packets arriving at the destination address and port.
DHCP
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a protocol that lets network administrators manage centrally and automate the assignment of Internet Protocol (IP) addresses in an organization's network. DHCP uses the concept of a "lease" or amount of time that a given IP address will be valid for a computer.
dial up
The process of initiating a switched connection through the network; when used as an adjective, this is a type of communication that is established by a switched-circuit connection.
Digital Rights Management
DRM (Digital Rights Management) is used to encrypt content to allow the content owner to control who has access to the content.
DNS
The domain name system (DNS) is the way that Internet domain names are located and translated into IP (Internet Protocol) addresses. A domain name is a meaningful and easy-to-remember "handle" or "name" for an Internet address.
Domain
A domain name locates an organization or other entity on the Internet. For example, the domain name www.totalbaseball.com locates an Internet address for "yourdomain.com" at Internet point 199.0.0.2 and a particular host server named "www". The "com" part of the domain name reflects the purpose of the organization or entity (in this example, "commercial").
downstream
the communications from the network towards the customer premises
DS1/DS3
Like T1 or T3 connections.
Embedded player
A media player enclosed in an HTML document using the ActiveX and or Netscape plug-in for that player.
Encoder
A piece of software that uses a codec to compress audio and video. This software is installed on a computer, and it digitizes, compresses and transmits audio and/or video to Netro's redistribution server.
Encoding
The process of compressing/digitizing media using a codec.
Ethernet
A LAN used to connect devices within a single building or campus at speeds up to 10 Mbps. Within the OSI model, Ethernet is defined at layer one (physical) and layer two (data link). Based on Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection (CSMA/CD), Ethernet works by simply checking the wire before sending data. Sometimes two stations send at precisely the same time in which case a collision is detected and retransmission is attempted. See also 10BaseT.
Ethernet
Ethernet is the most widely-installed local area network (LAN) technology. An Ethernet LAN typically uses coaxial cable or special grades of twisted pair wires. The most commonly installed Ethernet systems are called 10 BASE-T and provide transmission speeds up to 10 Mbps or 100 BASE-T which provides transmission speeds up to 100 Mbps. IntelliSpace supports both systems, depending on your equipment.
Fast Ethernet
A LAN used to connect devices within a single building or campus at speeds up to 100 Mbps. Within the OSI model, Fast Ethernet is defined at layer one (physical) and layer two (data link). Like Ethernet, Fast Ethernet uses CSMA/CD.
Fiber Optics
Fiber optic (or "optical fiber") refers to the medium and the technology associated with the transmission of information as light impulses along a glass or plastic wire or fiber. Fiber-optic wire carries much more information than conventional copper wire and is not affected by electromagnetic interference.
FireStream
NetroMedia’s FireStream technology is a revolutionary step in the streaming industry. Do you have users that have problems accessing your streams due to corporate networks, firewalls etc.? FireStream will leap right over any network firewall. If your end users can access your website, they will be able to access your stream. FireStream lets you get your media where other streamers simply will not go. FireWall issues are toast.
Firewall
A firewall is a set of related programs, located at a network gateway server, that protects the resources of a private network from users from other networks. (The term also implies the security policy that is used with the programs.) We recommend that any enterprise with an intranet that allows its workers access to the wider Internet installs a firewall to prevent outsiders from accessing its own private data resources and for controlling what outside resources its own users have access to
Firewall
A firewall is software located at a network gateway, which protects the private network from users from other networks.
Flash/Shockwave
A format made by Macromedia that uses vector graphics, scripting, and can include video and audio, usually delivered via a progressive download.
Format
For media a format is the type of media. Example: A windows media video is of the type windows media.
Fps
Frames per second. Usually applied to video and is the measurement of the frame rate.
frame relay
A high-speed packet-switched data communications service, similar to X.25. Frame relay is a leading contender for LAN-to-LAN interconnect services, and is well suited to the bursty demands of LAN environments. See also permanent virtual circuit and switched virtual circuit.
FTP
FTP (File Transfer Protocol), a standard Internet protocol, is the simplest way to exchange files between computers on the Internet. FTP is commonly used to transfer Web page files from their creator to the computer that acts as their server for everyone on the Internet. Using FTP, you can also update (delete, rename, move, and copy) files at a server. You need to log on to an FTP server. However, publicly available files are easily accessed using anonymous FTP.
Gateway
A gateway is a network point that acts as an entrance to another network. The computers that control traffic within your company's network or at your local Internet service provider (ISP) are gateway nodes.
Gbps
megabits per second (Mbps). A measure of bandwidth capacity or transmission speed. It stands for a million bits per second
Gigabits
(Gb) Is 1073741824 bits or 1024 Megabits.
Gigabyte
1000 or 1024 Megabytes, depending on who is measuring.
Gigabytes
(GB) Is 1073741824 bytes or 1024 Megabytes.
HDSL
High bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line. The oldest of the DSL technologies, HDSL continues to be used by telephone companies deploying T1 lines at 1.5 Mbps and requires two twisted pairs.
Host
On the Internet, the term "host" means any computer that has full two-way access to other computers on the Internet. A host has a specific "local or host number" that, together with the network number, forms its unique Internet Protocol address.
HTTP
The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is the set of rules for exchanging files (text, graphic images, sound, video, and other multimedia files) on the World Wide Web. Any Web server machine contains, in addition to the HTML and other files it can serve, an HTTP daemon, a program that is designed to wait for HTTP requests and handle them when they arrive. Your Web browser is an HTTP client, sending requests to server machines.
HTTP -- (HyperText Transfer Protocol)
The protocol for moving hypertextfiles across the Internet. Requires a HTTP client program on one end, and an HTTP server program on the other end. HTTP is the most important protocol used in the World Wide Web (WWW).
Hub
A hub topology consists of a backbone (main circuit) to which a number of outgoing lines can be attached ("dropped"), each providing one or more connection ports for devices to attach to. The distinction seems to be that the hub is the place where data comes together and the switch is what determines how and where data is forwarded from the place where data comes together.
Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)
ISDN provides standard interfaces for digital communications networks and is capable of carrying data, voice, and video over digital circuits. ISDN protocols are used worldwide for connections to public ISDN networks or to attach ISDN devices to ISDN-capable PBX systems (ISPBXs).
Intelligent stream
Windows Media version of a multi bit rate file.
Internet
The world's largest computer network. The Internet originated from a research effort initiated by the U.S. Government and was initially used to connect defense contractors and U.S. universities. Today, its nature is more commercial, and it is becoming the preferred method of linking businesses and individuals' computers to one another.
Internet Protocol (IP)
The Internet Protocol (IP) is the method or protocol by which data is sent from one computer to another on the Internet. Each computer (known as a host) on the Internet has at least one address that uniquely identifies it from all other computers on the Internet.
Internet Service Provider
(ISP) A company that provides internet connectivity through a connection like a modem, DSL, Cable, T1, T3 etc …
InterNIC
InterNIC (Internet Network Information Center), a cooperative activity between the US government and Network Solutions, Inc., was the organization responsible for registering and maintaining the com, net, and org top-level domain names on the World Wide Web.
Intranet
A local network, for example, an office network, where there are internal web servers accessable to computers in the office, but not accessable from outside the company. Many intranets are protected from exterior access by various security devices, like firewalls.
IP address
Most commonly a 32bit number used to identify a sender or receiver on a network. I.E. 216.232.56.45
IP Number
Every machine that is on the Internet has a unique IP number - if a machine does not have an IP number, it is not really on the Internet. Many machines (especially servers) also have one or more Domain Names that are easier for people to remember.
ISP
A telecommunications company that provides subscriber access to the Internet.
Java
A language used for creating applets and applications that use the JRE (Java Runtime Environment) and JVM (Java Virtual Machine).
Java Streaming
Java Streaming enables viewers to watch your media without having a media player installed. Viewers are able to listen to and watch media that plays in their Web browser.
JRE/JVM
A application layer that Java applets and applications use to be executed.
Kbps
kilobits per second (Kbps). A measure of bandwidth capacity or transmission speed. It represents a thousand bits per second.
Kilobits
(Kb) Is 1024 bits.
Kilobits per second
(kbps) Some multiple in thousands of bits per second is the usual measure of data transfer speed in streaming.
Kilobytes
(KB) Is 1024 bytes.
Kilobytes per second
(KBps) This unit of measure is 8 times the same number of Kilobits per second.
LAN
local area network (LAN). A data communications network covering a small area, usually within the confines of a building or floors within a building; a relatively high-speed computer communications network for in-building data transfer and applications. Common LAN protocols are Ethernet and Token Ring. See also WAN.
latency
A measure of the temporal delay. Typically, in xDSL, latency refers to the delay in time between the sending of a unit of data at the originating end of a connection and the reception of that unit at the destination end.
Link
The URL used to connect to a reference file or content.
Live Streaming
Broadcasting live audio and/or video over the internet, synonymous with webcasting.
local loop
A generic term for the connection between the customer's premises (home, office, etc.) and the provider's serving central office. Historically, this has been a wire connection; however, wireless options are increasingly available for local loop capacity. Also colloquially referred to as "the last mile" (even though the actual distance can vary).
Mbps
gigabits per second (Gbps). A measure of bandwidth capacity or transmission speed. It represents a billion bits per second
Media
In streaming context it is audio and or video content.
Media Player
A client used for the play back of media, usually audio and video.
Megabits
(Mb) Is 1048576 bits or 1024 Kilobits.
Megabits per second
(Mbps) Some multiple in thousands of bits per second is the usual measure of data transfer speed in streaming.
Megabytes
(MB) Is 1048576 bytes or 1024 Kilobytes.
Megabytes per second
(MBps) This unit of measure is 8 times the same number of Kilobits per second.
modem
MOdulator/DEModulator. Equipment that converts digital signals to analog signals and vice versa. Modems are used to send data signals (digital) over the telephone network, which is usually analog. The modem modulates the 1s and 0s into tones that can be carried by the phone network. At the other end, the demodulator part of the modem converts the tones back into digital 1s and 0s.
Mount Point
A mount point is the unique part of the URL for linking to a stream. Example: http://stream.netro.ca/mountpoint
mov
Quigtime Movie Format
MP3
MP3 is a MPEG-1 layer 3 audio, used to compress audio to a reasonable download size.
MPEG-1
A standard defined by the MPEG group for download
MPEG-2
A standard defined by the MPEG group, usually used for DVD ’s
MPEG-4
A standard defined by the MPEG group for streaming
Multi bit rate
Multi bit rate refers to a piece of media that has multiple encodes for different bit rates within a single file.
Multicast
The communication between a single sender and multiple receivers over a network
multicast
Delivery of one stream by a Windows Media server to many clients, which listen to it by monitoring the IP address over which the stream is multicast. From the client perspective, a broadcast multicast is a connectionless experience because the client never connects to a Windows Media server.
Network
A group of computers able to communicate with each other via some protocol such as TCP or UDP.
network interface card (NIC)
The circuit board or other form of computer hardware that serves as the interface between a computer (or other form of data terminal equipment) and the communications network; in ADSL, a common NIC is an Ethernet NIC, which serves as the interface to the ADSL modem from the computer. See also adapter .
Network Latency
Latency, a synonym for delay, is an expression of how long it takes for a packet of data to get from one point to another.
NOC
Network Operating Center. Covad's NOC monitors network elements 24 hours a day, seven days a week. The NOC provides the customer's corporate IT staff with access to automated information regarding issues or network outages that affect the customer's teleworkers.
Node
In a network, a node is a connection point, either a redistribution point or an end point for data transmissions. In general, a node has programmed or engineered capability to recognize and process or forward transmissions to other nodes.
On-demand Streaming
(pre-recorded) Streaming of content that has been previously encoded
packet
A sub-unit of a data stream; a grouping of information that includes a header (containing information such as address destination) and, in most cases, user data.
packet switched network
A network that does not establish a dedicated path through the network for the duration of a session but, instead, transmits data in units called packets in a connectionless manner. Data streams are broken into packets at the front end of a transmission, sent over the best available network connection, and then reassembled in their original order at the destination endpoint.
packet switching
A switching system that uses a physical communications connection only long enough to transmit a data message; data messages are disassembled into packets and reassembled at the receiving end of the communications link; packets may travel over many diverse communications links to get to the common endpoint. Packet switching is most often contrasted with circuit switching in data communications, where all data messages transmitted during a session are transmitted over the same path for the duration of the session. See also circuit switching .
Ping
Ping is a basic Internet program that lets you verify that a particular Internet address exists and can accept requests. Ping is used diagnostically to ensure that a host computer you are trying to reach is actually operating.
POP3
POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3) is a standard protocol for receiving email. POP3 is a client/server protocol in which email is received and held for you by your Internet server.
Port
- A port in terms of TCP/IP a logical connection place, where a client can connect with a server.
Port Forward/Port Map
The process of specifying all request on a certain port at a firewall be direct to a specific computer behind the firewall.
PPP
Point-to-Point Protocol. This protocol allows a computer to connect to the Internet with a standard dial-up telephone line and a high-speed modem and enjoy most of the benefits of a direct connection, including the ability to use graphical front ends such as a Mosaic and Netscape. PPP is considered to be better than SLIP, because it features error detection, data compression, and other elements of modem communications protocols which SLIP, the older Internet protocol, lacks. See also SLIP .
Private Network
In terms of an IP network is where a group of computers use non internet routable IP addresses to form a network.
Progressive Download
The process of transmitting a file from a server to a client computer, usually playing back as it is received.
Public Network
In terms of an IP network is where a group of computers use internet routable IP addresses to form a network.
Pull System
Pull system refers to a live streaming event where the server initiates the connection to the encoder for the stream to rebroadcast.
Push System
Push system refers to a live streaming event where the encoder initiates the connection to the server that will rebroadcast the stream.
QuickTime
QuickTime is container for both streaming and non-streaming media formats made by Apple Computer.
RADSL
Rate Adaptive Digital Subscriber Line. Using modified ADSL software, RADSL makes it possible for modems automatically and dynamically to adjust their transmission speeds. This often allows for good data rates for customers residing greater distances from the CO.
RealMedia
A streaming format for audio and/or video made by Real Networks.
Rebroadcast
In streaming terms, to receive a stream and replicate it for broadcast to one or more clients.
Re-Buffering
This occurs when a client has used all the data out of its buffer and doesn ’t have enough in-coming data to continue playing.
Reference File
i.e. (.asx, .wvx, .wax, .qtl, .ram, .m3u) Generally a text file used to link to media on a streaming server. A mime type is sent with the reference file signaling to the browser what player to open the file with. The player then connects to the address in the file.
RJ-45
An 8-pin connector used to attach data transmission devices to standard telephone wiring. Commonly used in 10BaseT connections.
Root Domain Name
- A string token used to locate an entity on the internet. Example: playstream.com
router
The device that connects multiple computer networks by reading OSI Layer 3 addressing on incoming and outgoing packets. Packet information is read, and the packets are then forwarded to the appropriate end station. While routers are like bridges, they work differently. Routers provide more functionality than bridges. For example, they can find the best route between any two networks, even if there are several
Server
Usually a computer that accepts request for information or content and sends that data in a response to the requesting client.
Storage Space
Storage space refers to the space on a hard drive for the storage of electronic files. Generally storage space is measured in megabytes (MB) or gigabytes (GB).
Streaming
The process of sending compressed media from a server to a client. The client then plays back the media as it is received. The media can be pre-recorded or live. Generally a UDP protocol is used and the media is not kept by the client.
Streaming Server
A streaming server is usually a server that sends media to a client so the media can be played back in real time without waiting for it to download completely first. Examples: Windows Media, Real, QuickTime.
Surestream
Real Networks version of a multi bit rate file.
synchronous transmission
Data transmission using synchronization bytes, instead of start/stop bits, to control the transmission. In xDSL, video streams are considered to be synchronous in nature. See asynchronous transmission .
T1
A digital transmission link with a capacity of 1.544 Mbps. T1 uses two pairs of normal twisted wires, the same as found in most residences. T1 normally handles 24 voice conversations, each one digitized at 64 Kbps. But, with more advanced digital voice encoding techniques, it can handle more voice channels. T1 is a standard for digital transmission in the United States. T1 lines are used to connect networks across remote distances. Bridges and routers are used to connect LANs over T1 networks. There are faster services available. T1 links can often be connected directly to new PBXs and many new forms of short haul transmission, such as short haul microwave systems.
T3
A T3 line (also know as a DS-3) is an ultra high-speed connection capable of transmitting data at rates up to 45 Mbps. A T3 line is equal to approximately 672 regular voice-grade telephone lines, which is fast enough to transmit full-motion, real-time video, and very large databases over a busy network. A T3 line is typically installed as a major networking artery for large corporations and universities with high-volume network traffic. A T3 is the second fastest, non optical connection offered in North America. A T3 line is comprised of 28 T1 lines, each operating at total signaling rate of 1.544 Mbps.
telco
A generic term for the local telephone company operator in a given area. In the U.S., the major telcos are the seven regional Bell operating companies and the leading independent telcos, GTE, SNET, and Sprint; in Europe, Asia and elsewhere, the term "telco" generally refers to the incumbent monopoly, but increasingly refers to competing local providers as well.
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
The TCP/IP protocol is a networking protocol that provides communication across interconnected networks, between computers with diverse hardware architectures and various operating systems. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and IP (Internet Protocol) are only two protocols in the family of Internet protocols. Over time, however, "TCP/IP" has been used in industry to denote the family of common Internet protocols.
twisted pair (TP)
A common form of copper cabling used for telephony and data communications. It consists of two copper lines twisted around each other; the twisting protects the communications from electromagnetic frequency and radio frequency interference. See also unshielded twisted pair .
Unicast
Real Networks version of a multi bit rate file.
unicast
A point-to-point connection that a client initiates to a publishing point on a Windows Media server.
unshielded twisted pair (UTP)
A cable with one or more twisted copper wires bound in a plastic sheath. Preferred method to transport data and voice to business workstations and telephones. Unshielded wire is preferred for transporting high speed data, because, at higher speeds, radiation is created. If shielded cabling is used, the radiation is not released and creates interference.
Upload
The process of transmitting a file from a client computer to a server.
upstream
the communications from the customer site up into the telecommunications network.
URL
Uniform Resource Locator, previously Universal Resource Locator. It is the address of an entity on the internet.
Virtual Private Network (VPN)
A virtual private network (VPN) is a private data network that makes use of the public telecommunication infrastructure, maintaining privacy through the use of a tunneling protocol and security procedures. A virtual private network can be contrasted with a system of owned or leased lines that can only be used by one company. The idea of the VPN is to give the company the same capabilities at much lower cost by using the shared public infrastructure rather than a private one. VPN software is typically installed as part of a company's firewall server
WAN . Wide Area Network
A data network typically extending a LAN (local area network) outside the building, over telephone common carrier lines to link to other LANs in remote buildings in possibly remote cities. A WAN typically uses common-carrier lines. A LAN doesn't. WANs typically run over leased phone lines--from an analog phone line to T1 (1.544 Mbps). The jump between a local area network and a WAN is made through a device called a bridge or a router.
wav
Waveform A sound format developed by Microsoft and
used extensively in Microsoft Windows. Conversion tools are
available to allow most other operating systems to play .wav
files.
Web Server
A web server is a server that sends content in response of to web browsers or HTTP request.
Webcasting
Broadcasting live audio and/or video over the internet, synonymous with live streaming.
Windows Media
A streaming format for audio and/or video made by Microsoft Corp
wma
Windows Media Audio Format
wmv
Windows Media Video Format
WWW
A technical definition of the World Wide Web is: all the resources and users on the Internet that are using the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). A broader definition comes from the organization that Web inventor Tim Berners-Lee helped found, the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C): "The World Wide Web is the universe of network-accessible information, an embodiment of human knowledge." |
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